Comparison of Erector Spinae Block and Pecto-Intercostal Facial Block For Enhanced Recovery in Adult Cardiac Surgery

The probe of the ultrasound will be placed at 2 cm lateral to the lateral sternal border at 5th and 6th rib. On the surface plane subcutaneous tissue is identified, while Pectoralis major muscle, Intercostal muscles and ribs are seen in intermediate plane and lung along with pleura are identified in deep plane. A 22-gauge, 80-mm short bevel echogenic needle is used and advanced in in-plane manner, in a caudal-to-cranial direction, until the tip of the needle is located in the fascial plane between the pectoralis major and internal intercostal muscle, where the local anesthetic will be injected.

A high-frequency linear ultrasound transducer will be placed in a longitudinal orientation 3 cm lateral to the T6 spinous process corresponding to the T5 transverse process. Three muscles trapezius (uppermost), rhomboids major (middle), and erector spinae (lowermost) will be identified superior to the hyperechoic transverse process.Local infiltration with 2% of lignocaine at the site of needle insertion will be done. Using in-plane approach a 22 G short bevel needle will be inserted in caudal-cephalad direction, until the tip is deep to erector spinae muscle, as evidenced by visible hydro dissection below the muscle plane. A 20 ml of 0.25% plain bupivacaine will be injected on each side.

local anesthetic