The Effect of Adjunctive Therapies in Regenerative Treatment of Stage III Grade C Periodontitis

Following local anesthesia, a full-thickness (muco-periosteal) access flap was elevated, granulation tissue was removed and direct instrumentation of the affected root surfaces was performed under the saline irrigation. Intrabony defects were filled with granules of allograft bone material and covered with a native porcine pericardial collagen membrane. The flaps were repositioned and sutured without any tension in order to achieve primary closure of the inter-dental area using a 5-0 mono-filament non-resorbable PTEF suturing material. On the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days, the sites in the control group received only saline irrigation for 1 min.

Following local anesthesia, a full-thickness (muco-periosteal) access flap was elevated, granulation tissue was removed and direct instrumentation of the affected root surfaces was performed under the saline irrigation. Intrabony defects were filled with granules of allograft bone material and covered with a native porcine pericardial collagen membrane. The flaps were repositioned and sutured without any tension in order to achieve primary closure of the inter-dental area using a 5-0 mono-filament non-resorbable PTEF suturing material. On the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days, aPDT group received additional application of a diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm and a power rating of 200 mW (continuous mode). Indocyanine-green (ICG) as a photosensitizer at a concentration of 1 mg/ml was applied at the surgical site on both the buccal and the lingual sides of the flaps. Irradiation was performed in non-contact mode in a constant distance of 1 mm during 30 s per site

Following local anesthesia, a full-thickness (muco-periosteal) access flap was elevated, granulation tissue was removed and direct instrumentation of the affected root surfaces was performed under the saline irrigation. Intrabony defects were filled with granules of allograft bone material and covered with a native porcine pericardial collagen membrane. The flaps were repositioned and sutured without any tension in order to achieve primary closure of the inter-dental area using a 5-0 mono-filament non-resorbable PTEF suturing material. On the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days, irradiation was carried out with a LED device with a wavelength of 626 nm in the near-infrared region at a dose of 20 mw/cm2 for 20 min with a total energy of 222 J

Following local anesthesia, a full-thickness (muco-periosteal) access flap was elevated, granulation tissue was removed and direct instrumentation of the affected root surfaces was performed under the saline irrigation. Intrabony defects were filled with granules of allograft bone material and covered with a native porcine pericardial collagen membrane. The flaps were repositioned and sutured without any tension in order to achieve primary closure of the inter-dental area using a 5-0 mono-filament non-resorbable PTEF suturing material. On the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days, topical ozone group received ozone application with an ozone generator at 80% concentration using probe #3 for 30 s per site