Comparison of Three Different Doses of Intrathecal Morphine for Analgesia After Cesarean Section

"İntraoperative Management:~Spinal anesthesia was administered to each patient in a sitting position, after aseptic conditions were achieved with a midline approach. A 25 gauge pencil point spinal needle was placed in the L3-4 or L4-5 space. Upon aspiration of clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine, 20 mcg of fentanyl and 80 micrograms of morphine were injected into the intrathecal space together with the determined morphine doses.~Postoperative analgesia management:~Diclofenac sodium 2 × 75 mg was administered intramuscularly to all patients. All patients received iv Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) prepared with fentanyl postoperatively. For patients with pain VAS score of 5 or more, meperidine was administered at a rate of 25 mg each time and with a total daily dose of 200 mg."

"İntraoperative Management:~Spinal anesthesia was administered to each patient in a sitting position, after aseptic conditions were achieved with a midline approach. A 25 gauge pencil point spinal needle was placed in the L3-4 or L4-5 space. Upon aspiration of clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine, 20 mcg of fentanyl and 120 micrograms of morphine were injected into the intrathecal space together with the determined morphine doses.~Postoperative analgesia management:~Diclofenac sodium 2 × 75 mg was administered intramuscularly to all patients. All patients received iv Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) prepared with fentanyl postoperatively. For patients with pain VAS score of 5 or more, meperidine was administered at a rate of 25 mg each time and with a total daily dose of 200 mg."

"İntraoperative Management:~Spinal anesthesia was administered to each patient in a sitting position, after aseptic conditions were achieved with a midline approach. A 25 gauge pencil point spinal needle was placed in the L3-4 or L4-5 space. Upon aspiration of clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine, 20 mcg of fentanyl and 160 mcg of morphine were injected into the intrathecal space together with the determined morphine doses.~Postoperative analgesia management:~Diclofenac sodium 2 × 75 mg was administered intramuscularly to all patients. All patients received iv Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) prepared with fentanyl postoperatively. For patients with pain VAS score of 5 or more, meperidine was administered at a rate of 25 mg each time and with a total daily dose of 200 mg."