Novel Brain Neurotechnology for Optimizing Precision Mirror Therapy in Stroke

There will be 20 minutes of stimulation (real tRNS or sham tRNS), 40 minutes of MT (unilateral or bilateral) and 30 minutes of functional task training.

the electrode placement will be the same as the real stimulation conditions. The current will first turn up for 30 seconds and subsequently turn off in the next 30 seconds

For the unilateral MT, the participants will practice movements using only the unaffected arm while the affected arm will remain relaxed behind the mirror during MT training. The training therapists will instruct the participants to look at the mirror reflection of the unaffected arm and imagine that it is the affected arm performing the task.

For the bilateral MT, the participants will be encouraged to move the affected arm as symmetrically and simultaneously as the unaffected hand during MT training. At the same time, participants will also be instructed to look at the mirror reflection of the unaffected arm and imagine that it is the affected arm performing the task. The activities practiced during MT will include intransitive movements (e.g., flexion and extension of the wrist) and transitive movements (e.g., picking up a pen).