Non-surgical vs. Surgical Therapy for Periodontal Furcations

participants will receive local anaesthesia, then thorough debridement of the root surface will be completed to the depth of the periodontal pocket and of the furcation lesion, by using sonic scaler (KaVo Sonicflex, KaVo, Germany), piezo-electric/ultrasonic devices with specific thin and delicate tips (such as Cavitron, Dentsply Sirona, US) and/or curettes.

Patients will receive local anaesthesia and intrasulcular incisions will be made on the buccal and lingual/palatal aspects in order to reflect full-thickness flaps. After reflection of the flaps, the granulation tissue around the tooth will be removed with the non-cutting edge of a suitable scaling instrument such as a curette, taking care not to damage the root surfaces. Thorough debridement of the furcation area will be carried out by using diamond coated inserts, sonic scaler (KaVo Sonicflex, KaVo, Germany), piezo-electric/ultrasonic devices with specific thin and delicate tips (such as Cavitron, Dentsply Sirona, US) and/or curettes. Osteoplasty (removal of non-supporting bone) may be carried out, as judged by the operator. The surgical site will be closed with resorbable or non-resorbable sutures.