Dexamethasone & Ketamine as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine for Incisional Infiltration in Pediatric Abdominal Operations

Bupivacaine 0.25% 1ml/kg will be injected subcutaneously by the surgeon before wound closure.

In addition to bupivacaine, ketamine 1mg/kg diluted in 10 ml normal saline will be injected subcutaneously by the surgeon before wound closure. Bupivacaine and ketamine will be administered using two separate syringes.

In addition to bupivacaine, dexamethasone 0.2mg/kg diluted in 10 ml normal saline will be injected subcutaneously by the surgeon before wound closure. Bupivacaine and dexamethsone will be administered using two separate syringes.