Auricular Vagal Stimulation in Alcohol Craving

For auricular vagal stimulation we used auriStim (AU0115, Multisana GmbH, Vienna, Austria). Using a green light-emitting diode (LEDs) flashlight, blood vessels in the cymba conchae of the left ear side were detected. Minimal invasive needles (penetrating 1-2mm) were placed close to the vessel-bifurcation to provide efficient stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. The built-in microchip controls monophasic volt pulses of 1 ms, with alternating polarity, a frequency of 1 Hz and an amplitude of 4V. Stimulation lasted for 72h in total with alternating on/off periods of three hours. Thereafter, the device was removed, and patients continued their therapy consisting of anti-withdrawal medication.