Efficacy of Implant Surface Characteristics in Patients With History of Periodontitis

Under local anaesthesia, full-thickness mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated, the alveolar ridge measured, and a proper implant dimension (3.75 mm and 4.25 mm diameter; 8 mm, 10 mm and 11.5 mm length) and position selected. After site preparation, each patient was randomly allocated to the test or the control group. Patients in the test group received a modified implant design with the coronal third presenting a machined surface (hybrid surface (HS) group), while in the control group the same implant design with a titanium rough surface up to the implant shoulder was used (rough surface (RS) group). Implants were placed 1 mm sub-crestally. In the case of dehiscence or fenestrations around the implant, the patient was excluded from the study. Once inserted, healing abutments (ranging between 3 -5 mm) were placed, and flaps sutured around the abutments to allow for a transmucosal healing.