The Use of LIFUP in Chronic Disorders of Consciousness

"Administration of LIFUP will be performed at the bedside using frameless stereotaxy. Specifically, the LIFUP transducer will be fit to the patient's head employing adjustable straps, and will be positioned over the patient's left temporal bone, over the temporal window in order to minimize bone absorption and refraction. Accurate aiming will be ensured employing the BrainSight neuronavigation device, customized for tracking our LIFUP transducer (total \~10 min). Once satisfactory aiming is achieved, the LIFUP exposure will be initiated employing the settings described previously (which meet the FDA safety limits: ISPPA \<= 190W/cm2, ISPTA \<= 0.72W/cm2). Accurate aiming will be monitored in real-time throughout exposure using the Brain Sight Neuronavigation interface."