Multisite Tissue Oxygenation Guided Perioperative Care in Cardiac Surgery

"The following intervention algorithm is intended to be used as a guidance only. We emphasize the different aspects that can cause changes in SctO2/SstO2 in a systematic approach. We avoid recommending a concrete drug and method of dosing for a specific condition.~Manage tissue perfusion Preload: overall picture including direct observation of the heart, findings of echocardiography, urine output, blood loss, labs results, HR, BP, PPV, SVV, fluid responsiveness (SV increase \>/= 10% following 250 ml fluid bolus) Contractility: direct observation of the heart, findings of echocardiography Stroke volume and heart rate: important determinants of CO Systemic vascular resistance: important determinant of BP Regional vascular resistance: important determinant of tissue perfusion along with perfusion pressure Maintain autoregulation: normalize CO2, avoid potent vasodilators~Manage arterial blood oxygen content~Manage tissue metabolic activity"

Usual care in this study means the standard perioperative care. Patients who are meant to receive usual care will receive both cerebral and muscular tissue oxygen saturation monitoring; however, the monitor screen will be covered and the monitoring data will not be used to guide clinical care.