Load-induced Changes in Glenohumeral Translation in Patients With Rotator Cuff Tear

30° arm abduction in the scapular plane will be performed with and without a handheld weight of 1, 2, 3, and 4 kg. All movements will be done bilaterally. Electromyographic (EMG) data of arm and trunk muscles will be recorded using surface electrodes. Participants will be asked to perform full arm abduction with different rotations (internal, neutral and external rotation), flexion and internal-/external rotations movements (without additional handheld weight).

isometric shoulder strength for abduction and internal/external rotation will be assessed with a isometric shoulder strength for abduction and internal/external rotation will be assessed with a dynamometer

fluoroscopic images (Multitom Rax, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) of each shoulder will be taken during the 30° arm abduction test with and without a handheld weight (0, 2, and 4kg)

MRI of both shoulders will be taken

data collection by health questionnaires