Sensory and Emotional Modulation of Dyspnea Under Artificial Ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit

"The auditory stimulation will consist of listening to relaxing pieces of music from MP3 files from the International Center for Music Therapy (Noisy le Grand, France).~Listening will be done through noise-cancelling headphones (PLANTRONICS, Gamecom 780, Santa Cruz, California, USA) for 10 minutes."

Sensitive stimulation will consist of administering fresh air to the patient's face by means of a fan without blades (DYSON AM01, Malmesbury, UK) for 10 minutes.

"The auditory control condition will consist of listening to a pink noise. The pink noise, like the white noise, is a normalized noise. The sound produced on a TV set that is out of adjustment during the snow effect is a representative example of such noise. Pink noise is a random signal whose power spectral density decreases by 3dB per octave. This signal is closer to the sensitivity of the ear than white noise."

The sensitive control condition will be achieved by administering fresh air on the calf.