Effectiveness of Speech Therapy in Trans Women.

"Goal: mean fundamental frequency of 180Hz (range 140 and 300Hz); Doses and duration: 5 one hour sessions (5h), 5 weeks~Content:~* auditory discrimination of lower and higher tones~* pitch glides~* pitch glides using straw phonation and resonance tube phonation~* practice of higher pitch voice (target: 180Hz) in isolated vowels - syllables - mono and bisyllabic words -phrases - sentences and texts - conversation (generalization to spontaneous speech)"

"Goal: increase in lipspreading, forward tongue carriage, larynx elevation, forward resonance, precise articulation; 5 sessions Doses and duration: 5 one hour sessions (5h), 5 weeks~Content:~* auditory and visual discrimination of forward vs backed tongue carriage and lip spreading vs lip rounding)~* practice of technique on isolated vowels -syllables -mono and bisyllabic words - phrases - sentences and texts - conversation (generalization to spontaneous speech)~* practising larynx elevation through the twang technique, isolated vowels -syllables -mono and bisyllabic words - phrases - sentences and texts - conversation (generalization to spontaneous speech)~* forward resonance, focusing on oral forward resonance rather than chest resonance, isolated vowels -syllables -mono and bisyllabic words - phrases - sentences and texts - conversation (generalization to spontaneous speech)~* clear, precise articulation and cork exercise"

"Goal: active sham treatment, 4 sessions Doses and duration: 4 one hour and 15 minutes sessions (5h), 4 weeks~Content:~* providing information about vocal function, vocal surgery, vocal hygiene, transgender health care~* discussing communication aspects and patterns, possible exercise contexts, communication partners, expectations of voice modification, conversational subjects~* active intervention on nonverbal communication (Kinesics, gestures and sign language, facial expression, haptics, proxemics, occulsics, and physical appearance)~* practising costo abdominal breathing patterns"