Advanced Glycation End Products Are Associated With Diabetic Macular Edema

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) withdrawals and central foveal thickness (CFT) evaluations of those included in the study were made by the doctor and directed to the dietician (researcher). The dietary intake of participants was assessed using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) (21). The total food intake was then converted to total nutrient intake based on the food's nutrient profile. Standardized food recipes for Turkey and the Nutrition Information System (BEBIS) program, which is a food composition database for nutrient estimation, were used to determine the average daily energy and nutrient intake for each participant.