66
Participants
Start Date
September 1, 2018
Primary Completion Date
December 31, 2019
Study Completion Date
December 31, 2019
Corrective exercises
The experimental and control groups performed a designed strengthening exercises included short-foot exercise, toes-spread-out exercise, toes-extension exercise and toe-curls for 60 minutes
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
The experimental group received NMES aiming to reinforce the planter intrinsic foot muscles for 30 minutes. The surface electrodes were placed over the abductor halluces. The control group received placebo NMES with no current stimulation.
faculty of physical therapy, Cairo university, Giza
Cairo University
OTHER