Parents as Pain Management in Swedish Neonatal Care

The infant is placed naked (except for a diaper and possibly a hat) on the parents' bare chest.

Live parental infant-directed lullaby singing is an individually tailored, non-verbal, multisensory, multimodal and affective tool to regulate the infant before, during and after venipuncture. Direct breast-feeding has demonstrated efficacy that is equal to, or greater than, sweet taste interventions in reducing behavioral and physiological responses to pain in full-term infants undergoing venipuncture with no demonstrated adverse outcomes. Direct breast-feeding should be considered the preferred first-line analgesic intervention for painful procedures performed on full-term infants.