Comparison of Ultrasound Guided Caudal Block and Ultrasound Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group Block for Pediatric Hip Surgery

Caudal block will be performed using ultrasound guidance, the sacral hiatus will be visualized at the level of the sacral cornus by employing the linear transducer of ultrasound machine the ultrasound transducer will be rotated to 90 degree to obtain longitudinal views of the sacrococcygeal ligament and sacral hiatus and will be subsequently placed between the two cornua. The needle advancement will be terminated immediately after penetrating the sacrococcygeal ligament.

In PENG group, the patient will be placed in supine position. The ilio-pubic eminence (IPE), the iliopsoas muscle and tendon, the femoral artery, and pectineus muscle will be visualized using a linear ultrasound probe. A 22-gauge, 50-mm needle will be introduced in a lateral to medial fashion in an in-plane approach to place the tip of the needle in the musculofascial plane between the psoas tendon anteriorly and the pubic ramus posteriorly. Following negative aspiration, a total volume of 0.5 mL/kg local anesthetic solution will be injected.