The INVADE Study: INnominate Vein Approach for Central Catheterization in Difficult to cannulatE Patients

Catheterization of internal jugular vein with real-time (in-plane) method, with neutral neck position. Standard aseptic technique.

Catheterization of subclavian/axillary vein with infra-clavicular approach with real-time (in-plane) method, without shoulder retraction. Standard aseptic technique.

Catheterization of innominate vein with supra-clavicular approach with real-time (in-plane) method, with neutral shoulder position and no shoulder retraction. Standard aseptic technique.