Efficacy of High-intensity Laser in Jaccoud's Arthropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Twenty four treatment sessions with pulsed Nd: YAG laser were applied to the subjects of the study group, three sessions per week, over 8 weeks in succession via HIRO® 3.0 device (ASAlaser, Arcugnano, Vicenza, Italy). The device gives pulsed emission (λ = 1064 nm), maximum power (3000 W), fluency range (360-1780 mJ/cm2), pulse duration (≤ 100 μs), frequency range (10-40 Hz), maximum energy per pulse (350 mJ), mean power (10.5 W), and power cycle of \~0.1%.