Diaphragm Pacing in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injuries

"Intramuscular stimulation of the diaphragm, or diaphragm pacing' is achieved by laparoscopic placement of stimulation wires into each hemidiaphragm. Phrenic motor points on the diaphragm are mapped to optimize electrode placement. The electrodes are threaded into the diaphragm muscle and wire leads are externalized and attached to a stimulation controller."