Evaluation of s100β, NSE and GFAP Levels in Renal Transplantation

S100β is 10.4 kDa protein. Synthesized with end-feet processes of astrocytes in the brain S100β belongs to low molecular weight EF-hand type acidic calcium-binding protein superfamily. This protein is metabolized in the kidneys and removed with urine. It is shown that S100β does not show differences due to ethnical groups or genders and is not affected by circadian rhythm. Although S100β is also found in other tissues, it is in higher concentrations in the brain so it can be used as an early indicator for brain damage.NSE is an SSS protein which exists in neurons and neuroendocrine tissues. NSE plays a role in glycolytic route in neurons as intracytoplasmic enzyme increasing serum level in case of neuron damage. Whilst S100β is the marker of astroglia dysfunction, NSE is the marker of neuronal dysfunction. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the intermediate filament cell skeleton protein found in astrocytes. It originates from the same root structure as S100β.