DECIDE: Developing Tools for Lung Cancer Screening Discussion Improvement

Perceived Smoking-Related Stigma will be measured using the 5-item Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (Smoking-Related Subscale). The response scale is 1 = strongly disagree, to 4 = strongly agree, and scores range from 5 to 25 (high stigma). Cronbach's alphas were 0.75 to 0.89 in prior studies.

"Medical Mistrust will be measured using the 5-item Patient Trust in the Medical Profession Scale.80 The five-point Likert responses measure the extent to which patients perceive their clinician to be honest, caring more about convenience, thorough and careful, and trusted. The range of scores is 5 to 25 (higher mistrust). Reliability and validity have been well established with a Cronbachs alpha of 0.84."

"The DCS is a 16-item Likert-response item scale that has been modified for the lung cancer screening and smoking cessation contexts. The DCS was developed by OConnor,74-75 and validated in many health decisions including breast cancer screening with Cronbachs alphas ranging from 0.78 to 0.81. 74-75 Despite its name, the DCS measures more than decision conflict to encompass personal perceptions of perceived decision-making quality such as feeling the choice is informed, values based, and likely to be implemented as well as expressing satisfaction with the decision. 74-75 The DCS is comprised of items with response options ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The items are summed to total scale score with lower scores reflective of higher decision conflict and higher scores reflective of lower decision conflict."

"Shared Decision Making Process will be measured from the patient perspective using the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9),77 which has been validated with a Cronbachs alpha of 0.94."

Among current smokers

Includes items to assess attitudes, barriers, and knowledge of lung cancer screening guidelines.