Individualized Hemodynamic Optimization by Indirect Measurement of the Respiratory Quotient in Major Surgery: Prospective Randomized Multicentre Open-Label Study (OPHIQUE) Individualized Optimization by Indirect Measurement of the Respiratory Quotient

"Control group: hemodynamic management of patients is done according to usual practices by maintenance of blood pressure by norepinephrine as well as optimization of SV by vascular filling and use of dobutamine if necessary.~Experimental group: perioperative hemodynamic management is based on an algorithm that includes RQ measurement and includes volume expansion, norepinephrine, FiO2 enhancement, RBC transfusion and dobutamine."