Small Volume Fluid Challenge as a Predictor of Fluid Responsiveness in Patients With Circulatory Failure

As a routine work in adult critical care unit at Menoufia University hospital for patients with circulatory failure, A 100 ml bolus of Normal Saline Flush, 0.9% Injectable Solution was given to the patient over 1 minute through a central venous catheter or jugular cannula. For prediction of responders, echocardiographic parameters measured followed by infusion of the remaining 400 ml of Normal Saline Flush, 0.9% Injectable Solution at a constant rate over 10 minutes then echocardiographic parameters measured again to detect the patient response.