Integrated Services for Pain: Interventions to Reduce Pain Effectively

The Shared Decision Making (SDM) intervention is a patient-provider communication intervention to explore and compare treatment options, assess a patient's values and preferences, and reach a shared decision about chronic pain treatment. Participants in the SDM arm received their regular pain care visits with a designated SDM-trained clinician over a 12-month period. SDM intervention participants scheduled pain visits as often as needed for pain management (typically quarterly). SDM participants also received an electronic and physical packet of educational materials after randomization.

The Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain (MI+CBT-CP) intervention is an empirically based behavioral pain management behavioral therapy intervention, including MI to enhance motivation for active participation in the CBT-CP, and the use of CBT-CP to enhance pain coping skills. MI + CBT-CP participants received one MI session plus up to eight weekly CBT-CP group sessions.