PCA vs Non-PCA Intravenous Hydromorphone Titration for Severe Cancer Pain

"1. For opioid-intolerant patients: continuous infusion of hydromorphone 0 mg per hour, and a demand dose of 0.5 mg with a lockout interval of 15 minutes.~2. For opioid-tolerant patients: basal rate 0 mg per hour, and a demand dose of 10% of the hydromorphone dose equivalent to the total opioid taken in the previous 24 hrs with a lockout interval of 15 minutes."

"1. For opioid-intolerant patients: initial dose 0.5 mg intravenous hydromorphone.~2. For opioid-tolerant patients: intravenous hydromorphone with a initial dose equivalent to 10%(5-15%) of the total opioid taken in the previous 24 hrs."