Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Pain Control During First Trimester Abortion

Transcutaneous electrical nerve-stimulation (TENS) is a nonpharmacologic means of pain control that delivers electrical currents through the skin. These pulses of electrical current reduce pain by peripheral and central mechanisms, TENS actives descending inhibitory systems in the central nervous system to reduce sensitivity to pain (hypoalgesia). Assessment of previous TENS research identifies intensity as a critical factor in efficacy-documenting high intensity as the best means of pain control, as the higher pulse allows for deeper tissue afferents to be activated. TENS has been researched in a number of settings as pain control, including cancer pain, lower back pain, labor, and a range of gynecologic procedures and disorders.

IV sedation with fentanyl and versed

Sham Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to ensure blinding

Sham IV to ensure blinding