Effect of Pre-warming on Perioperative Hypothermia During HoLEPunder Spinal Anesthesia

On arrival at the preoperative care unit, assignments were determined using an opaque sealed envelope opened by investigator with no clinical involvement in the study. In the pre-warming group, the forced-air blanket (COVIDIEN™ WarmTouch™ Full Body/Multi Access Blanket, Covidien Ilc, Mansfield, MA, USA) was positioned over the whole body except head and neck, covered by cotton blanket. Forced air warmer (COVIDIEN™ WarmTouch™ WT6000 Warming Unit, Covidien Ilc, Mansfield, MA, USA) was set to 'high level' (45℃) during 20 min. During the warming procedure, patients were asked every 5 min about their thermal comfort; if they felt overheated, the warmer was lowered to 41℃

patients were covered only with two layers of cotton blanket