Caregiver-Child Interaction and Health Behaviors

The behavioral intervention has the parents develop an if-then plan for dealing with conflict and negativity, using strategies to downregulate their own negative emotions.

The cognitive intervention has parents come up with reasons why their children do things they don't like, until they come up with benign attributions for those behaviors.

"The Interpretation Bias intervention has parents look at morphed facial expressions and determine whether the face is happy or angry. Positive feedback is given for rating the faces as happy and negative feedback is given for rating the faces as angry."

The Evaluative Conditioning intervention presents parents with pictures of ambiguous child faces (conditioned stimuli) and pairs them with positive word descriptors (unconditioned stimuli; e.g., sweet; cooperative).