RELVAR Effects on Parasternal Muscle Activity, Diaphragm, and Ventilation in Severe COPD

Measurements of ventilation with subjects seated, and breathing across a pneumotachygraph and pressure transducer to measure inspiratory airflow, during both resting and CO2 stimulated breathing.

Recordings of electrical activity (EMG) from the parasternal intercostal muscle in the second intercostal space on the upper anterior chest wall adjacent to the sternum.

Bilateral maximal magnetic stimulation (Magstim) of the phrenic nerves.