Risk Reduction for Alzheimer's Disease

"Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB, losartan) and calcium channel blocker (CCB, amlodipine) will be used to reduce SBP\<130 mmHg; atorvastatin 80 mg daily will be administered to reduce blood lipid level. Additional antihypertensives may be used if needed.~Intensive Reduction of Vascular Risk Factors (IRVR)"

Participants will take part in a supervised, moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise training program for approximately 24 months. This program consists of exercising 3 times per week for about 30 minutes per session at the beginning, and will increase to 4-5 times per week, 40-50 minutes per session over a period of 4-5 months. Exercise frequency, intensity and duration will be maintained at this level during the rest of the study period.

Participants will follow their regular doctor's recommendations for blood pressure and lipid control.

Participants will perform home-based stretching exercise 3 times per week, gradually increased to 4-5 times per week over a period of 4-5 months, and maintained at this level during the rest of the study period. They will be encouraged to attend monthly stretching exercise classes, which will be led by study staff or exercise trainers.