Goal Directed Hemodynamic Therapy Based on Noninvasive Monitoring in Patients With Hip Fracture

"Before entering the operating room, hemodynamic optimization start by optimizing preload with Fluid Challenge according to evidence-based GDT protocols. Once stabilized the cardiovascular system after induction of anesthesia, hemodynamic optimization continue with Mini Fluid Challenge.~In the intraoperative period, hemodynamic optimization is based on maintaining systolic blood pressure and stroke volume. A Mini Fluid Challenge is administered to patients who respond to volume or a vasoactive drug according cardiac index for non-responders."

Hemodynamic control is held by non-invasive continuous monitoring techniques (system ClearSight® and Platform EV Clinic 1000®). Monitored variables: blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume and stroke volume index.