Longitudinal Study of Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction

With 3-D and 4-D high-resolution color Doppler methods it is possible to map out the placental circulation, fetal circulation, fetal brain, and fetal cardiac function. Investigators will collect these data points prenatally.

Similar to the Ultrasound data, investigators will collect MRI images of the fetal brain and the placenta. MRI will allow investigators to collect more detailed images of both the fetal brain and placenta, and investigators will be utilizing this technique both prenatally and postnatally.

The maternal and cord blood will be collected for the processing of plasma and serum. There may be early biomarkers of IUGR in the maternal circulation that investigators can use to better determine the appropriate strategy for clinical management of care. Collection and subsequent analysis of molecular markers in the umbilical cord blood will be used to further confirm physiological dysfunction as detected by ultrasound and MRI techniques.

Neurological development tests including a Bayley exam, Mullen exam, Developmental Profile-3, Child Behavior Checklist, and Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure (PSOM) will be performed.

Placentas will undergo pathological evaluation for placental function.

The baby's body fat will be measured in a special incubator called a PEAPOD or BODPOD when an infant.

Children will have ultrasounds of their hearts during follow-up visits.