Intraoperative Nitrous Oxide and Postoperative Pain for Patients With Current Opioid Treatment

Patients undergo long-term morphine treatment and vertebral cementoplasty. During the procedure, patients are ventilated with a mixture of air and oxygen.

Patients undergo long-term morphine treatment and vertebral cementoplasty. During the procedure, patients are ventilated with a mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide.