Fully Guided Dental Implant Placement and Primary Stability

All implant placements were performed exclusively in the maxillary region (upper jaw) to ensure a controlled comparison within the same anatomical area. The implants used in this study were C-Tech® implants (C-Tech Implant, Italy) with the following dimensions: Diameter: 3.8 mm Length: 11 mm . Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): To assess bone quality, quantity, and anatomical structures . Digital Intraoral Scans Heron Scanner (USA) to obtain detailed gingival contours, occlusion, and existing teeth. The scan data was exported as an STL file for digital planning. Easy Check Implant Stability Measuring System is used for implant stability measurement, the tapping rod was gently placed in slight contact with the healing abutment, avoiding any axial or lateral pressure, and aligned within 0°-30° relative to the abutment's occlusal surface. If the angle exceeded 30°, the device issued an alert and prevented measurement, ensuring consistent alignment