Esketamine Combined With Magnesium Sulfate for Postoperative Fatigue Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Patients were given intravenous esketamine 0.25 mg/kg 10 min before induction of anaesthesia, followed by continuous pumping at 0.25 mg/(kg-h) until the end of the operation.

Patients were injected with 30 mg/kg of magnesium sulphate intravenously 10 min before the induction of anaesthesia, followed by continuous pumping at 10 mg/(kg-h) until the end of the operation.

Patients received a simultaneous intravenous infusion of esketamine (0.25 mg/kg) and magnesium sulfate (30 mg/kg) over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by continuous infusion of esketamine at 0.25 mg/kg/h and magnesium sulfate at 10 mg/kg/h via separate channels until surgery completion.

Patients in the control group received an equivalent volume of normal saline infused intravenously over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by continuous saline infusion at a matched flow rate via a separate channel until surgery completion.