Effect of Dental Anxiety on Mandibular Anesthesia Success

Participants receive an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using 1.8 ml 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine (Ultracaine DS Forte) via a 27-gauge dental needle, followed by buccal and lingual infiltration anesthesia after 5 minutes. Topical 10% lidocaine spray is applied prior to injection. All procedures are performed by the same clinician between 09:00-12:00. Salivary cortisol, pulse oximetry, and pain assessments are conducted before and after the anesthesia.