Balance Training With Progressive Intermittent Visual Occlusions in Chronic Ankle Instability(RCT)

"The difficulty level of intermittent visual occlusion was structured from Level 1 to Level 8 based on frequency. As the flicker speed of the lenses decreased and the frequency lowered, the difficulty increased. For example, a setting of 6 Hz means the lenses flicker six times per second, whereas 1 Hz indicates one flicker per second.~Levels 1 to 5 are suitable for dynamic movements such as catching or hitting a ball, while Levels 3 to 8 are appropriate for balance and proprioceptive training.~In this study, participants wore stroboscopic glasses (Senaptec Strobe, Senaptec, USA, 2016) and began at Level 1 (6 Hz). The difficulty was gradually increased each week, with the setting adjusted to Level 3 (4 Hz) in Week 2, Level 4 (3 Hz) in Week 3, and Level 5 (2.25 Hz) in Week 4 (see Table 5).~The training was conducted using the standard Mode A, in which both lenses flicker simultaneously."

The exercise program consisted of six types of exercises and was conducted in a 30-minute circuit training format repeated twice per session. Participants took part in two sessions per week for four weeks, totaling eight sessions. The six exercises were completed as a circuit, repeated twice per session. A 30-second rest was provided between exercises and a 2-minute rest between circuits. All exercises were conducted by a licensed physical therapist to ensure safety.