Low-FODMAP Diet and Probiotics: Effects on Gut, Behavior, and Microbiota in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

"A probiotic supplement in capsule form containing 4 strains of microorganisms, with a total of 10 × 10⁹ CFU (colony-forming units) per capsule. The strain composition per capsule was:~Lactobacillus acidophilus L1 - 2.9 × 10⁹ CFU, Bifidobacterium longum LBL-01 - 2.9 × 10⁹ CFU, Lactobacillus rhamnosus - 2.9 × 10⁹ CFU, Saccharomyces boulardii - 1.3 × 10⁹ CFU. Each participant in this arm took one capsule per day in the morning on a full stomach, for a duration of 4 weeks. No other dietary interventions were applied to this group. This probiotic supplement was chosen because the strains in its content are among the most frequently researched and known strains in terms of intestinal health. Additionally, it does not contain FOS or inulin due to FODMAP restriction.~."

A structured low-FODMAP diet intervention designed to restrict intake of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols. The diet was individualized and monitored by a registered dietitian over a 4-week period to ensure adherence and nutritional adequacy.