Motor Learning in Health and Movement Disorders: Role of Physical Activity and Advanced Devices

"The interventions include proprioceptive stimuli combined with specific rehabilitation protocols, such as Tabata training, plyometric training, and visual-cognitive-motor enhancement with the S.V.T.A. method.~Healthy subjects and athletes (about 50) will participate in intensive aerobic and anaerobic training, including sensory-motor-cognitive training and exercises on the CAREN platform. Another 25 participants will have TMS/tDCS and music therapy added to their regimen.~Regarding neurological patients, 50 participants will undergo posture and gait rehabilitation using the CAREN platform, while 25 will receive non-invasive neuromodulation to enhance their rehabilitation outcomes. This arm of the study focuses on the recovery of motor and cognitive functions.~This study uses the CAREN system as a tool for physical rehabilitation in neurological and healthy participants. The device is not being investigated for new indications and the study is conducted entirely in Italy."

"the control group is typically the group that does not receive the experimental treatment or intervention, serving as a baseline to compare the effects of the intervention. However, in the context you're describing with healthy subjects and athletes, here's how it's structured:~Healthy subjects and athletes (around 50 participants) will undergo:~Intensive aerobic and anaerobic training Sensory-motor-cognitive training~Additionally, 25 of these participants will receive:~Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Music therapy This approach allows for a comparison between the effects of the physical and cognitive training alone versus the enhanced effects when combined with neuromodulation (TMS, tDCS) and music therapy. This design will help in assessing the added value of these interventions on performance"