Tubeless Anesthesia in Preventing Lung Complications in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Early-Stage Lung Cancer

"1. Anesthesia Induction: Implement TCI with propofol and remifentanil; insert a laryngeal mask for SIMV ventilation, and monitor vital signs including IBP and end-tidal CO2.~2. Nerve Blocks: Perform ultrasound-guided paravertebral, pleural surface, and vagus nerve blocks using local anesthetics.~3. Anesthesia Maintenance: Adjust remifentanil for spontaneous breathing; maintain propofol and BIS levels; manage heart rate and blood pressure with fluids and medication as needed, without using inhaled anesthetics.~4. Postoperative Analgesia: Provide PCIA with morphine for pain management."

"1. Anesthesia induction using propofol, sufentanil, and rocuronium is performed, with DLT or single-lumen tube insertion at BIS≤60 for single-lung ventilation, maintaining appropriate oxygen and ventilation parameters.~2. Anesthesia is maintained with sevoflurane, propofol, and remifentanil, supplementing rocuronium every 30-40 minutes for muscle relaxation, with BIS maintained at 40-60.~3. Post-surgery, ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block and PCIA are used for analgesia, with extubation following standard recovery procedures."