Vibration Applications After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Osteopenic Women

Participants receive whole-body vibration therapy in a static upright position on a vibration platform (Power Plate My5). The intervention is applied 3 times per week for 8 weeks, progressively increasing frequency from 8 Hz to 40 Hz and amplitude from 2 mm to 5 mm. Each session lasts up to 15 minutes. No exercise is performed during the vibration.

Participants perform lower extremity strengthening exercises on a vibration platform simultaneously with whole-body vibration. The protocol includes lunges, squats, heel raises, and ball squeezes. Vibration frequency ranges from 30 to 40 Hz and amplitude from 2 to 5 mm. Sessions are performed 3 times per week for 8 weeks, with duration progressing from 2 to 18 minutes depending on tolerance.

Participants receive standard post-total knee arthroplasty physiotherapy 3 times per week for 12 weeks, lasting 40 to 70 minutes per session. In addition, a home-based exercise program is performed 3 times daily. The program includes range of motion, strengthening, and balance exercises. No vibration therapy is applied in this group.