How Eccentric Closed Chain Training Affects Knee Strength and Muscle Properties in Soccer Players

This intervention is uniquely characterized by the integration of field-based closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises with a systematically increased eccentric time under tension (TUT), specifically tailored for university-level soccer players. Unlike conventional strength training protocols, which are often gym-based and rely on traditional resistance machines or free weights, this program emphasizes functional, sport-specific movement patterns performed on the field, enhancing ecological validity and transfer to soccer performance.

Trained three times a week: two days were dedicated to functional and tactical on-field training, while the third day was reserved for a two-hour gym session focused on flexibility, muscular strength, and endurance development.