Node-Sparing Short-Course Radiotherapy Sequential Chemotherapy and PD-1 Inhibitor for Mid/Low pMMR/MSS Rectal Cancer (MODIFI-RC-II)

Patients will receive node-sparing modified short-course radiotherapy, followed by six cycles of CAPOX chemotherapy combined with a PD-1 inhibitor. After neoadjuvant treatment, patients will either undergo total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery or enter a watch-and-wait strategy based on clinical assessment.

Patients will receive conventional-target short-course radiotherapy, followed by six cycles of CAPOX chemotherapy. After neoadjuvant treatment, patients will either undergo TME surgery or enter a watch-and-wait strategy based on clinical assessment.