Enhancing Clinical and Cultural Virtual Encounter in Health Professional Students: 3 Is (Internationalization, Innovation, Interdisciplinary) in Action

Based on the Phase of Engagement Framework, two online orthopaedic modules focusing on interprofessional and intercultural educations on low back pain (LBP) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) were developed. The students (n=104) were randomized into two groups. In the first module, the Virtual Reality Group as the intervention group received a virtual reality (VR)-enhanced LBP education, while the Case-based Learning Group as the control group engaged with a case study on LBP. After a 3-week washout period, the groups crossed over: the the Virtual Reality Group as the intervention group received the VR-enhanced education on AIS, and the Case-based Learning Group as the control group focused on an AIS case study.