Identifying Cerebral Hemodynamic Patterns in Mood Disorders and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Study

"Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) transcutaneously measures changes in oxyhemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex using light detection. It is designed to measure variations in cerebral hemodynamics on a real-time basis by radiating a near light beam, at two wavelengths of 780nm and 850nm of laser, into the cerebral cortex.~Participants will undergo a one-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) procedure to measure cerebral hemodynamic patterns.~* Resting-State Measurement: 5-10 min resting-state scans.~* Task-Based Measurement: Participants will be shown an instruction video. Participants will complete a Verbal Fluency Task (VFT) during the fNIRS scan (15-20 min).~* During the fNIRS scan, optional basic vital signs will be measured using respiratory belts, photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrocardiogram (ECG).~* Each participant will complete 3 sets of resting-state and task-based measurements.~Total estimated time for fNIRS assessment: 45-60 min."