Optimizing Patient-centred Outcomes Using Opioid Minimization Strategies: The OPUS Anesthesia Pilot Trial

"Intravenous bolus: between 0.2 and 0.5 mcg/kg.~followed by~Intravenous infusion: ranging from 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/h to the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist.~Bolus will be initiated prior to surgical incision and infusion will be stopped at wound closure."

"Intravenous bolus: between 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg.~followed by~Intravenous infusion: ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mg/kg/h to the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist.~Bolus will be initiated prior to surgical incision and infusion will be stopped at wound closure."

Usual care where systemic dexmedetomidine is not allowed and systemic lidocaine is permitted only for the prevention or treatment of propofol injection pain.