Using Antibiotics to Prevent Infections in Hemodialysis Patients During Catheter Placement

"Patients with an elevated risk of infection will be randomly assigned to two groups using stratification for new catheter placement versus catheter replacement. Fifty percent of the high-risk patients will receive prophylactic antibiotics targeting gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotic regimen will include:~* Cefamezine (2 grams) and gentamicin (80 mg) administered intravenously.~* Patients with penicillin allergies, a history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, or known MRSA colonization will receive vancomycin (2 grams)."