Efficacy of Intermittent Fasting Versus Continuous Caloric Restriction in the Treatment of Significant Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery

Participants in the alternate-day fasting group will receive biweekly telecounseling to ensure adherence to the prescribed dietary plan and to monitor for potential adverse events. During the 12-week weight loss phase, patients are instructed to restrict calories to 75% of usual intake 2 days per week. A daily intake of at least 2 liters of low-energy beverages (water, caffeine- and sugar-free beverages) is generally recommended on fasting days. Usual physical activity is encourage

Participants in the continuous calorie restriction group will receive biweekly nutritional counseling via Telecoaching to ensure adherence to the prescribed dietary plan. Based on weekly caloric intake obtained from the 7-day log, a model menu will be prescribed with a 25% daily calorie restriction divided among 3 meals every day consisting of macronutrient intake, with 20% of energy as fat, 40 to 50% as carbohydrate, and 20 to 30% as protein. They will be instructed to continue their usual physical activity.