Reflective Mindfulness and Emotional Regulation Training to Enhance Nursing Students' Self-Awareness, Understanding, and Regulation

The RMERT program consisted of six weekly 90-minute sessions facilitated by researchers trained in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and transactional analysis (TA). The training employed the ABC model of CBT (Activating events, Beliefs, and Consequences) to address maladaptive cognitive patterns, along with TA techniques such as empathic inquiry and reflection. Relaxation strategies, including diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscle relaxation, were also integrated. The sessions focused on enabling students to reflect on their mental and emotional states, process their feelings, and apply cognitive reappraisal-a healthy emotional regulation strategy-instead of relying on expressive suppression, which is maladaptive.